帕金森病(Parkinson' s disease,PD)作为全球第二大神经退行性疾病,其核心病理特征为黑质多巴胺能神经元进行性丢失,导致运动功能障碍及其他症状。虾青素(astaxanthin, AST)作为一种强效天然抗氧化剂,具有抗氧化、抗炎作用及可通过血脑屏障的特性。研究表明,虾青素能够减少氧化应激对神经元的损伤,降低炎症因子的释放,并通过调节信号通路抑制细胞凋亡,从而保护神经元,对PD防治具有潜在价值。本文探讨了虾青素对PD黑质多巴胺能神经元的保护作用机制,有望为临床PD的治疗及新药研发提供依据和方向。

Parkinson's disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disorder worldwide, is pathologically characterized by the progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic neurons, leading to motor dysfunction and other symptoms. Astaxanthin (AST), a potent natural antioxidant, possesses both antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties and is capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. Studies have demonstrated that AST reduces oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage, decreases the release of inflammatory factors, and inhibits apoptosis by modulating various signaling pathways, thereby exerting neuroprotective effects and showing potential value in the prevention and treatment of PD. This article explores the protective mechanisms of AST on nigral dopaminergic neurons in the context of PD, with the aim of providing references and guidance for clinical treatment and the development of novel drugs for PD.