铁死亡是一种铁依赖且受脂质过氧化调控的新型细胞死亡方式,在细胞生物学、病理学等多个领域揭示了疾病发生发展的新机制,为众多难治性疾病的治疗提供了新的视角和潜在靶点。肠道微生物作为人体内最大的微生态系统,广泛参与调节代谢、免疫和神经活动等生理过程,其结构与功能的动态平衡对宿主健康至关重要。近年来,越来越多的研究表明,肠道微生物与多种疾病状态下的铁死亡过程密切相关。本文对铁死亡的发生机制以及肠道微生物调控铁死亡的最新研究进展进行综述,不仅有助于全面理解铁死亡在疾病中的作用,也为开发基于肠道微生物的新型治疗策略提供理论依据和实践方向。

Ferroptosis is an emerging form of iron-dependent cell death regulated by lipid peroxidation. It has revealed novel mechanisms underlying the onset and progression of disease across various fields such as cell biology and pathology, providing fresh insights and promising therapeutic targets for the treatment of numerous intractable diseases. The intestinal microbiota constitutes the largest microecological system within the human body and plays a crucial role in maintaining host health by regulating various physiological processes, including metabolism, immunity, and neural activity. In recent years, accumulating evidence has emphasized a close relationship between intestinal microbiota and ferroptosis in various pathological conditions. This article reviews the latest research on the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its regulation by intestinal microbiota, aiming to provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of ferroptosis in diseases, and to offer both a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the development of novel therapeutic strategies based on regulating intestinal microbiota.