组蛋白甲基化(histone methylation)作为重要的表观遗传修饰过程由特定的甲基转移酶和去甲基化酶精细调控,其修饰位点甲基化水平的变化在基因转录调控、炎症反应及疾病进程中发挥关键作用。组蛋白甲基化修饰水平及相关修饰酶的表达改变在包括病毒性肝炎、代谢相关脂肪性肝病、肝纤维化及肝细胞癌等慢性肝病中发挥重要作用。本综述总结了近年来组蛋白甲基化修饰以及相关修饰酶抑制剂在慢性肝病中作用的研究进展,旨在为基础研究向慢性肝病治疗的临床转化提供参考。

Histone methylation, a critical epigenetic modification, is meticulously regulated by specific methyltransferases and demethylases. Changes in the methylation levels at specific histone sites play a key role in gene transcription regulation, inflammatory responses, and disease progression. Alternations in the levels of histone methylation and the expression of associated modifying enzymes contribute significantly to the pathogenesis of chronic liver diseases, including viral hepatitis, metabolic-associated fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. This review summarizes recent research advances regarding histone methylation and inhibitors of associated modifying enzymes in the context of chronic liver diseases, aiming to provide a reference for the translational application of basic research into clinical therapies for these conditions.