Fcγ受体(Fragment crystallizable γ receptors, FcγRs)是免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G, IgG)的受体, 大部分表达于免疫细胞的表面, 通过与IgG 的Fc段结合形成免疫复合物发挥相关的生物学功能。FcγRs分为激活型和抑制型两类, 在不同的细胞中发挥相似或相反的功能。在心血管疾病研究领域,越来越多的证据表明,免疫细胞及固有细胞中表达的FcγRs通过激活细胞内信号传导通路,进而调控多种细胞因子的分泌, 参与心肌梗死、动脉粥样硬化和高血压等心血管疾病的发生发展。本文对FcγRs的分类、功能及其在心血管疾病中作用的研究进展进行综述, 以期为心血管疾病的防治提供新的思路和方法。

Fragment crystallizable γ receptors (FcγRs) are receptors for immunoglobulin G (IgG). Most of them are expressed on the surface of immune cells, and exert relevant biological functions by binding to the Fc region of IgG to form immune complexes. FcγRs are classified into activating and inhibitory types, which exert similar or opposite functions in different cells. In cardiovascular disease research, multiple studies have found that FcγRs expressed on immune and innate cells participate in the occurrence and development of cardiovascular-related diseases such as myocardial infarction, atherosclerosis, and hypertension by activating cell signaling and stimulating the secretion of different cytokines. This article reviews the classification and functions of FcγRs, as well as the research progress on FcγRs in cardiovascular diseases, with the aim of providing new ideas and methods for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.