多发性骨髓瘤(multiple myeloma)是由于骨髓中的浆细胞异常增生,产生大量异常免疫球蛋白而导致的一种进行性的肿瘤性疾病,其发病与免疫微环境的失调息息相关。多发性骨髓瘤是一种不可治愈的血液肿瘤疾病,目前的治疗手段仍存在耐药和复发等局限性,严重威胁患者的生命健康。NOD样受体热蛋白结构域相关蛋白3(NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3, NLRP3)炎症小体作为一种在细胞内发挥重要免疫调节作用的多蛋白复合物,在多 发性骨髓瘤的发生、进展及耐药机制中发挥关键作用。本文系统总结了NLRP3炎症小体在多发性骨髓瘤中的调控机制和研究进展,并探讨以NLRP3炎症小体为靶点的多发性骨髓瘤的潜在治疗策略,为其后续研究和临床应用提供参考。

Multiple myeloma is a progressive neoplastic disease caused by the abnormal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow,which leads to the excessive production of aberrant immunoglobulins. Its pathogenesis is closely associated with the dysregulation of the immune microenvironment. As an incurable hematological malignancy,multiple myeloma currently faces limitations in its treatment options,including drug resistance and disease recurrence,posing a significant threat to patients' well-being and survival.The NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome,a multiprotein complex crucial for intracellular immune regulation,plays a pivotal role in the occurrence,progression,and drug resistance of multiple myeloma. This article systematically summarizes the regulatory mechanisms and research progress of the NLRP3 inflammasome in multiple myeloma,and discusses potential therapeutic strategies for multiple myeloma targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome,aiming to provide a reference for future research and clinical applications.