肠道菌群(gut microbiota)与人类健康密切相关。肠道菌群紊乱会干扰调控细胞生长和营养代谢的哺乳动物雷帕霉素靶蛋白(mammalian target of rapamycin, mTOR)信号通路,导致年龄相关性疾病如糖尿病、脂肪肝、肾病、神经系统性疾病等的发生,从而影响机体衰老进程。本文对肠道菌群干扰mTOR信号通路及其对机体稳态的影响和导致的衰老相关疾病进行了分析和总结,重点介绍了肠道菌群及代谢产物如何通过mTOR信号通路调节细胞代谢、炎症、自噬等进程,为衰老相关疾病防治、干预和延缓衰老进程提供指导。

Gut microbiota is closely associated with human health. Dysbiosis of the gut microbiota can disrupt the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway, which regulates cell growth and nutrient metabolism. This can result in the development of age-related diseases such as diabetes, fatty liver disease, kidney disease, and neurological disorders, affecting the aging process of the body. This article analyzes and summarizes the interplay between the gut microbiota and mTOR signaling pathway, as well as its impact on body homeostasis and the resulting aging-related diseases. It focuses on how the gut microbiota and its metabolites regulate cellular metabolism, inflammation, autophagy and other processes through the mTOR signaling pathway, providing insights for the prevention and intervention of aging-related diseases, as well as the delay of aging.