适宜运动可促进骨骼肌健康,其中一个重要的机制是通过诱导活性氧信号,调控一系列氧化还原敏感转录因子,进而激活抗氧化酶系统和非酶系统,建立高水平的氧化还原平衡,维持线粒体稳态。肠道微生物(gut microbes)组成受到生活方式、饮食、压力、环境等因素影响,肠道微生物代谢物通过循环系统作用于靶器官,发挥健康促进作用。研究表明,一些肠道微生物可以通过其代谢物远距离调控骨骼肌抗氧化系统。运动重塑肠道微生物组成是运动促进骨骼肌健康的路径之一。本文综述了肠道微生物及其代谢物在运动诱导骨骼肌建立高水平氧化还原平衡中的生物效应的研究进展。

Appropriate exercise can promote skeletal muscle health. One key mechanism involves the induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling, which regulates a series of redox-sensitive transcription factors, thereby activating the antioxidant enzyme and non-enzyme systems, establishing a high level of redox balance, and maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis. The composition of gut microbiota is affected by various factors, including lifestyle, diet, stress, and environmental factors. Gut microbial metabolites act on target organs through the circulatory system, exerting health-promoting effects. Studies have shown that some gut microbes can remotely regulate the antioxidant system of skeletal muscle through their metabolites. Exercise-induced remodeling of the gut microbiota composition is one of the pathways by which exercise promotes skeletal muscle health. In this review, we summarize the research progress on the biological effects of gut microbiota and their metabolites in exercise-induced establishment of a high-level redox balance in skeletal muscle.