同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine,Hcy)作为人体甲硫氨酸的代谢产物,其体内水平与多种疾病的发病相关。高同型半胱氨酸血症(hyperhomocysteinemia,HHcy)是全身动脉粥样硬化、心血管病(cardiovascular disease,CVD)以及中风发病的独立危险因素。Hcy诱导的炎症反应、脂代谢异常、凝血功能障碍等,将严重影响血管的正常结构与功能,从而加速动脉粥样硬化的进程。服用叶酸和B族维生素,可以有效降低HHcy患者血液Hcy水平。本文将围绕HHcy加速CVD进程的机制进行综述,从而为临床预防和治疗HHcy提供新思路。

Homocysteine (Hcy), a metabolite of methionine in the human body, is associated with the pathogenesis of various diseases. Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) is an independent risk factor for the onset and development of systemic atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and stroke. The inflammatory reactions, lipid metabolism abnormalities, and coagulation dysfunction induced by Hcy seriously affect the normal structure and function of blood vessels, thereby accelerating the progression of atherosclerosis. Supplementation with folic acid and B vitamins can effectively reduce blood Hcy levels in patients with HHcy. This article reviews the mechanism by which HHcy accelerates the progression of CVD, providing new insights for clinical prevention and treatment of HHcy.