病理性心肌肥大(pathological myocardial hypertrophy)是心脏受到持续性压力超负荷等刺激时发生的一种损伤反应,可诱发猝死、心力衰竭等高死亡率的心血管疾病,目前尚无有效治疗病理性心肌肥大的方法。非编码RNA(non-coding RNA,ncRNA)是指转录组中不能翻译为蛋白质的RNA 分子,在机体内发挥重要的调控作用。近年研究发现,病理性心肌肥大模型中多种ncRNA的表达发生变化,并且通过调控不同的分子和信号通路参与心肌肥大。本文就目前发现的与病理性心肌肥大相关的长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)及其在病理性心肌肥大发生发展中的作用机制进行综述,旨在为预防和治疗心肌肥大提供新思路。

Pathological myocardial hypertrophy is a response to injury when the heart is subjected to continuous pressure overload and other stimuli, which can induce cardiovascular diseases with high mortality such as sudden cardiac death and heart failure. Currently, there is no effective treatment for pathological myocardial hypertrophy. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) refer to RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins in the transcriptome but play important regulatory roles in the body. Recent studies have found changes in the expression of multiple ncRNAs in the model of pathological myocardial hypertrophy, which participate in myocardial hypertrophy by regulating various molecules and signaling pathways. In this article, we reviewed the current findings of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) related to pathological myocardial hypertrophy and their associated mechanisms in the occurrence and development of pathological myocardial hypertrophy, in order to provide novel insights for the prevention and treatment of myocardial hypertrophy.