非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, NAFLD)是全国范围内普遍发病的慢性非传染性肝脏疾病,也是肝硬化肝癌的前期阶段,严重威胁着人类健康。高原低氧条件下机体各器官系统受到不同程度影响,而肝脏组织缺氧程度进一步加重,呈现出高原地区NAFLD的患病率显著高于平原地区。目前NAFLD发病机制观点不一,而且高原低氧促进NAFLD 进展机制尚不明确。本文从高原低氧对肝实质细胞和间充质细胞的影响角度入手,整合、梳理相关研究报道, 并探索高原低氧在NAFLD慢性病进展中发生、发展的可能机制,为NAFLD的预防、诊治提供新思路。

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent chronic non-infectious liver disease nationwide that can progress to liver cirrhosis and liver cancer, posing a significant threat to human health. Under hypoxic conditions at high altitudes, various organs and systems of the body are affected. Liver tissues, in particular, experience intensified hypoxia, leading to a significantly higher prevalence of NAFLD in plateau areas than in sea level areas. Currently, there are diverse opinions on the pathogenesis of NAFLD, and the specific mechanisms by which high-altitude hypoxia promotes NAFLD progression remain unclear. In this article, we review the impact of high-altitude hypoxia on liver parenchymal cells and mesenchymal cells, consolidate relevant research findings, and summarize the potential mechanisms by which high-altitude hypoxia may contribute to the progression of chronic NAFLD, providing new insights for the prevention and treatment of NAFLD.