新型冠状病毒病(coronavirus disease-19,COVID-19)是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)感染引起的以呼吸系统症状为主的疾病。多项研究证明,规律运动对预防COVID-19、增强治疗效果、避免不良预后具有重要作用。本文梳理了运动在COVID-19防治前、中、后的作用及可能机制,运动可通过调节ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas轴、增强免疫力和心肺功能、抑制炎症因子和氧化应激、调节肠道菌群稳态以及改善心理状态等途径发挥作用,进而总结出COVID-19防 治不同阶段的运动处方,在对运动防治COVID-19全面总结的同时,也为后疫情时代类似呼吸道传染疾病的预防和治疗提供借鉴和参考。

Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a disease mainly characterized by respiratory symptoms caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Research evidence has indicated that regular exercise plays an important role in preventing COVID-19, enhancing therapeutic effectiveness, and avoiding adverse prognosis. This article reviews the effects and mechanisms of exercise before, during and after the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. Exercise plays its role through regulating the ACE2/Ang(1-7)/Mas axis, enhancing immunity and cardiopulmonary function, inhibiting inflammatory factors and oxidative stress, regulating intestinal flora homeostasis, and improving psychological well-being. Additionally, we summarize the exercise prescriptions for different stages of COVID-19 prevention and treatment. By comprehensively summarizing the role of exercise in the prevention and treatment of COVID-19, we also aim to provide references for the prevention and treatment of similar respiratory infectious diseases in the post-pandemic era.