代谢综合征在全世界广泛流行,我国代谢综合征的发病率已达24.2%。代谢综合征是糖尿 病和心血管疾病发病的危险因素。成纤维细胞生长因子21(fibroblast growth factor 21,FGF21) 是一种代谢信号调节蛋白,外源性FGF21类似物具有降低血糖、血脂和体重等多种药理作用,但 FGF21调节代谢的机制目前仍不明确,可能涉及脂联素依赖途径、非脂联素依赖途径和大脑中枢调节途径等。临床研究发现,高水平的FGF21与代谢综合征的发生、发展和不良预后密切相关,存在“FGF21抵抗”。本文旨在概述FGF21代谢调节机制的最新研究进展,以期为代谢性疾病的临床诊疗和研究提供新思路。

Metabolic syndrome is a worldwide epidemic with the incidence in China reaching 24. 2%. It is a cluster of metabolic indicators that serve as risk factors for the development of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Fibroblast growth factor 21(FGF21) is a metabolic signaling regulator. Exogenous FGF21 analogues display various pharmacological effects, such as lowering blood glucose, lipids and body weight. However, the mechanism by which FGF21 regulates metabolism remains unclear. It may involve adiponectin-dependent pathways, non-adiponectin-dependent pathways, and central regulatory pathways of the brain. Clinical studies have found that high levels of FGF21 are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and poor prognosis of metabolic syndrome, indicating the presence of "FGF21 resistance". The review summarizes the latest research progress on the metabolic regulation mechanism of FGF21, aiming to provide new insights for clinical diagnosis, treatment, and further investigation of metabolic diseases.