姿势不稳和步态障碍型(postural instability and gait disorder dominant,PIGD)是帕金森病(Parkinson's disease,PD)症状中具有严重表型的一种亚型,尚无有效的药物或手术治疗办法。PIGD亚型患者的临床表现具有异质性,且PD的其他运动症状及非运动症状会使这种异质性表现更为复杂,严重影响患者的生活质量。同时,PIGD 亚型的发病机制尚不明确。本综述从症状表现、影响因素、机制和治疗四个方面对PIGD亚型的异质性进行剖析,以期对该亚型有一个系统全面的认识。

The postural instability and gait disorder dominant (PIGD) subtype refers to a subtype of Parkinson's disease (PD) with severe phenotypes, for which there is no effective pharmacological or surgical treatment. The clinical manifestations of patients with PIGD subtype are heterogeneous, which can be further complicated by other motor and non-motor symptoms of PD, severely affecting the quality of life of patients. Meanwhile, the pathogenesis of PIGD subtype remains unclear. This review dissects the heterogeneity of PIGD subtype in terms of symptom manifestations, contributing factors, pathological mechanisms and clinical treatment, aiming to provide a systematic and comprehensive understanding of the subtype.