Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a common degenerative spinal disease in orthopedics, with its incidence increasing year by year. It is one of the main causes of low back pain. Due to the complex etiologies and pathological processes of IDD, its molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, so there are currently no clear targeted therapeutic approaches. The Notch signaling pathway is a highly conserved signal transduction pathway. It is closely related to the progression of IDD by participating in regulating a series of biological processes such as extracellular matrix metabolism, inflammatory responses, cell homeostasis, and the microenvironment of intervertebral disc cells. By reviewing previous literature, the authors introduced the structure and transduction pathway of Notch signaling, then focused on elaborating the changes in Notch signaling expression and its impact on the pathological process of IDD. In addition, they summarized the current application status of the Notch signaling pathway as a therapeutic target for IDD, aiming to provide an important molecular biological basis for the pathogenesis of IDD and also expected to offer a theoretical basis for the development of therapeutic strategies targeting this pathway.