Mechanotransduction occurs when tissues or cells are stimulated by external mechanical forces, initiating a series of signaling processes, with mechanosensitive ion channels playing a pivotal role in this signaling cascade. Among these channels, Piezo1 has been widely studied. Piezo1 has been found in a variety of mammalian tissues and can affect multiple signaling pathways after mechanical stimulation, involving processes such as vasodilation, cell migration, and inflammatory response. To explore the potential therapeutic value of Piezo1 and improve the understanding of its function, this article reviews literature on Piezo1 and summarizes the latest research progress on Piezo1 in the cardiovascular system, locomotor system, nervous system, respiratory system, digestive system, and reproductive system.