The visceromotor reflex is an important component of autonomic nervous system regulation, controlling the autonomous movements of many visceral organs, including the gastrointestinal tract, bladder, and cardiovascular system. The reflex movements of these organs are controlled by both the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems to maintain their normal functions. In different states, the sympathetic/parasympathetic nervous systems are regulated accordingly to adapt to different physiological and environmental demands. When there are problems with the regulation of the autonomic reflex loop that governs the viscera, it may lead to various related diseases, seriously affecting physical and mental health. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of the structure, function, and regulation of the visceromotor reflexes is of great significance for scientific research and clinical treatment.