Bone remodeling is an important process for maintaining bone homeostasis, and it is commonly believed that bone remodeling is mainly regulated by endocrine hormones. In recent years, there has been increasing evidence suggesting that the central nervous system is directly involved in regulating bone homeostasis through efferent nerves. Although it has been demonstrated that there are clear neural connections between the brain and skeletal tissues, the role of these neural connections in the brain's regulation of bone homeostasis is not well understood. In this paper, we will present recent advances in the field of brain regulation of bone metabolism, focusing on the neural connections between bone and brain, the regulation of bone homeostasis by the central nervous system and neural circuit, the regulation of bone homeostasis by the autonomic nervous system and sensory nervous system, respectively.