Inflammation is the common pathophysiological basis for many prevalent lung diseases, such as acute lung injury (ALI), pneumonia, pulmonary fibrosis, asthma and lung cancer. Targeting the mechanism of the initiation, development and resolution of the inflammation may provide new strategies for the treatment of pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Inflammatory resolution has been considered as an active process involving a series of specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs). As a member of the SPMs family, maresin 1 is a bioactive lipid mediator derived from docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) with both anti-inflammatory and proresolving actions. Here, we briefly review the role of maresin 1 in pulmonary inflammatory diseases,hoping to pave a way for further investigation of new therapeutic strategies.