玫瑰痤疮(rosacea)是一种以面部持续性红斑、毛细血管扩张、丘疹、脓疱为主要表现的慢性炎症性皮肤病,其发病机制与“肠-皮轴”功能紊乱密切相关。本文基于“肠-皮轴”理论,系统综述了肠道菌群失调与玫瑰痤疮之间的关系。现有证据表明,玫瑰痤疮患者存在肠道菌群特征性改变, 其通过破坏肠道屏障功能、诱发系统性免疫失调以及减少具有抗炎作用的短链脂肪酸等机制,参与玫瑰痤疮的发生与发展。而多种针对“肠-皮轴”的干预策略,如益生菌/后生元、特定饮食模式及植物提取物, 在玫瑰痤疮中显示出治疗潜力。未来仍需大样本前瞻性研究与多组学整合分析以明确因果关联, 为开发以肠道微生态为靶点的玫瑰痤疮个体化诊疗提供理论依据。

Rosacea is a chronic inflammatory skin disease primarily characterized by persistent facial erythema, telangiectasia, papules, and pustules. Its pathogenesis is closely associated with dysfunction of the gut-skin axis. Based on the gut-skin axis theory, this review systematically summarizes the relationship between gut dysbiosis and rosacea. Current evidence indicates that patients with rosacea exhibit characteristic alterations in gut microbiota composition, which contribute to the onset and progression of rosacea through multiple mechanisms, including the disruption of intestinal barrier integrity, induction of systemic immune dysregulation, and reduction of anti-inflammatory short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).Furthermore,various therapeutic strategies targeting the gut-skin axis,such as probiotics/postbiotics,specific dietary interventions,and botanical extracts,have demonstrated potential efficacy in the management of rosacea.Future largescale prospective studies and multi-omics integrative analyses are warranted to establish causal relationships, thereby providing a theoretical foundation for the development of gut microbiometargeted personalized therapies for rosacea.