咖啡作为全球广泛消费的饮料之一, 与消化系统健康的关系备受关注。近年研究表明, 咖啡对胃溃疡的发生与发展具有双向调控作用。一方面,咖啡中含有绿原酸等多酚类化合物, 可通过抑制炎症反应、促进胃肠有益菌生长等机制发挥胃黏膜保护作用;另一方面, 咖啡因可通过多种信号通路刺激胃酸分泌,潜在增加溃疡风险。本文基于多项体内外研究及临床调研, 系统阐述咖啡活性成分对胃溃疡病理进程的调控机制,并深入分析咖啡摄入与不同人群胃溃疡发生风险的关联性,旨在为公众提供咖啡饮用科学建议, 并为咖啡在消化健康领域的深入研究和应用提供理论依据。

As one of the most widely consumed beverages globally, coffee's relationship with digestive health has drawn significant attention. Recent studies indicate that coffee exerts bidirectional regulatory effects on the occurrence and progression of gastric ulcers. On one hand, polyphenolic compounds such as chlorogenic acid in coffee exert protective effects on the gastric mucosa by inhibiting inflammatory responses and promoting the growth of beneficial gastrointestinal bacteria. On the other hand, caffeine stimulates gastric acid secretion through multiple signaling pathways, potentially increasing the risk of ulcer development. This article systematically elucidates the regulatory mechanisms of coffee's bioactive constituents in the pathological progression of gastric ulcers, based on evidence from in vivo, in vitro, and clinical studies. It further analyzes the association between coffee consumption and gastric ulcer risk across different populations. The aim is to provide scientific recommendations for coffee consumption to the public and to offer a theoretical basis for further research and applications of coffee in digestive health.