锌(zinc)是人体必需的微量元素之一,参与多种生物功能调控,在血管生理和病理生理中主要发挥保护作用。锌稳态失调通过氧化应激、炎症反应、细胞外基质降解、血管钙化等多种途径促进血管疾病的发生发展,与动脉粥样硬化、主动脉瘤、主动脉夹层和外周动脉疾病密切相关。本文总结锌缺乏导致动脉疾病的潜在机制、锌相关蛋白质的作用以及补充锌对血管功能的保护作用, 为动脉疾病的治疗与研究提供新的思路及线索。

Zinc, as one of the essential trace elements in the human body, is involved in regulating various biological functions, and primarily exerts a protective effect on vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Dysregulation of zinc homeostasis promotes the initiation and progression of vascular diseases through oxidative stress, inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, vascular calcification, and other pathways. It is closely related to atherosclerosis, aortic aneurysm, aortic dissection, and peripheral artery disease. This review summarizes the potential mechanisms by which zinc deficiency contributes to arterial diseases, the role of zinc-related proteins, and the protective effects of zinc supplementation on vascular function, providing insights and clues for the treatment and study of arterial diseases.