阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease, AD)是一种复杂的神经退行性大脑疾病,导致严重的认知障碍,特别是记忆功能受损,影响全球数千万人,目前尚无有效疗法能够阻止或减缓其病程。不良的饮食习惯和生活方式是罹患AD的主要危险因素,且代谢紊乱在AD 患者中很常见。瘦素(leptin)是一种重要的代谢激素,具有增强认知的特性,越来越多证据表明,瘦素水平不足及其功能障碍与AD患病风险增加有关。瘦素不仅能够改善AD病理特征,还显著影响海马突触功能,发挥 神经保护作用。此外,瘦素在AD治疗中也展现出良好的临床前景,有望成为一种新的治疗方法和诊断工具。

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative brain disorder that leads to severe cognitive impairments, particularly memory deficits, affecting millions of people worldwide. Currently, there is no effective therapy to halt or slow its progression. Poor dietary habits and lifestyle choices are major risk factors for AD, and metabolic dysregulation is commonly observed in individuals with the disease. Leptin, a crucial metabolic hormone, has been shown to possess cognitive-enhancing properties. Increasing evidence suggests that deficiencies and dysfunctions in leptin are associated with an increased risk of AD. Leptin not only improves the pathological features of AD but also significantly affects hippocampal synaptic function, exerting neuroprotective effects. Furthermore, leptin has shown promising prospects in the clinical treatment of AD, potentially serving as both a new therapeutic approach and a diagnostic tool.