MG53(mitsugumin 53)蛋白,是E3泛素连接酶多功能三结构域(tripartite motif,TRIM)蛋白家族成员之一,又被称为TRIM72。MG53是一种细胞膜修复蛋白,广泛表达于心肌和骨骼肌, 可在膜损伤部位快速积累,在骨骼肌和心肌细胞膜修复中发挥重要作用。近年来,大量研究发现, MG53可以参与缺血预适应和缺血后适应的心肌保护作用,减轻心肌缺血再灌注损伤;并且在生理或病理状态下,MG53在许多器官中均有表达,促进细胞膜修复。然而MG53过表达则会导致泛素依赖的胰岛素受体表达下降,进而导致代谢综合征和糖尿病性心脏病。本文综述了近年来MG53的生理功能及其相关作用机制研究进展,以期为重组人G53(recombinant human mitsugumin53, rhMG53)的临床应用提供参考。

MG53(mitsugumin 53) is a member of the tripartite motif (TRIM) protein family of E3 ubiquitin ligases,also known as TRIM72.MG53 is a cell membrane repair protein widely expressed in cardiac and skeletal muscles,capable of rapidly accumulating at the site of membrane injury, playing a crucial role in the repair of cardiac and skeletal muscle cell membranes. In recent years, numerous studies have found that MG53 participates in the myocardial protective effect of ischemic preconditioning and postconditioning, and mitigates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Moreover, it is expressed in various organs, promoting cell membrane repair under physiological or pathological conditions. However, MG53 overexpression leads to decreased expression of the ubiquitin-dependent insulin receptor, contributing to metabolic syndrome and diabetic heart disease. This article reviews the recent advances in the physiological functions and associated mechanisms of MG53 protein, aiming to provide a reference for the clinical application of recombinant human mitsugumin53 (rhMG53).