表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor,EGFR)是一种受体酪氨酸激酶,属于表皮生长因子受体家族成员之一。EGFR广泛分布于人体的各种组织和器官中,包括皮肤、肺、肝、肾等,它通过激活JAK/STAT、MAPK/ERK以及PI3K/AKT等关键信号通路调控细胞内环境稳态。此外,EGFR可以被生长因子、G蛋白偶联受体等发出的信号激活,参与体内免疫和炎症反应等过程,进而调控多种疾病的病理进程。近年来研究表明EGFR与肺癌、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、支气管哮喘以及肺炎等大部分肺部疾病相关,因此,本文就EGFR在肺部疾病中的作用研究进展做一综述。

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase and a member of the ErbB family. It is widely expressed in various tissues and organs of the human body, including the skin, lungs, liver, and kidneys. EGFR regulates intracellular homeostasis by activating key signaling pathways such as JAK/STAT、MAPK/ERK, and PI3K/AKT. Furthermore, EGFR modulates disease processes by participating in immune and inflammatory responses following activation by growth factors and G protein-coupled receptors. Recent studies have shown that EGFR is associated with most pulmonary diseases, such as lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bronchial asthma, and pneumonia. Therefore, this article reviews recent advances in EGFR research related to pulmonary diseases.