肺动脉高压(pulmonary hypertension,PH)是一种以肺血管重构和功能受损为特征,最终引发右心衰竭并具有高致死率的严重疾病。在PH 的病理过程中,离子通道,尤其是钙离子、钾离子和钠离子通道发挥着关键作用。这些离子通道通过多种途径参与调节平滑肌细胞的活性,进而调控血管收缩、细胞增殖以及炎症反应;这些生理和病理过程的紊乱是PH 发生和发展的重要因素。本文旨在全面回顾离子通道在PH 发病机制中的作用及机制,探讨其作为潜在治疗靶点的可能性, 为开发新型PH 治疗策略提供理论依据。

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling and functional impairment, ultimately leading to right heart failure and high mortality rates. Ion channels, particularly calcium, potassium, and sodium channels, play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of PH. These ion channels regulate the activity of smooth muscle cells through various pathways, influencing vascular contraction, cell proliferation, and inflammatory responses. The dysregulation of these physiological and pathological processes plays a pivotal role in the onset and progression of PH. This article aims to comprehensively review the role and mechanisms of ion channels in the pathogenesis of PH, explore their potential as therapeutic targets, and provide a theoretical basis for developing novel treatment strategies for PH.