骨折可导致疼痛、活动受限以及生活质量下降等不良后果,其治疗通常采用手术或保守治疗,往往伴随一些并发症。干细胞来源外泌体(exosomes)因具有良好的生物相容性、低免疫原性、内在稳定性及靶向性而成为当下研究的热点。外泌体在促进骨折愈合方面具有一定的优势,它可调控成骨细胞和破骨细胞的功能、血管生成以及软骨再生,提高临床治疗效果,降低骨折并发症的发生。本文对人脐带间充质干细胞(human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells)来源外泌体促进骨折愈合的研究进展进行综述,探讨人脐带间充质干细胞来源外泌体在促进骨折愈合方面发挥的重要作用及其作用机制。

Fractures can lead to pain, limited mobility, and a decreased quality of life. Treatment typically involves surgical or conservative approaches, often accompanied by complications. Stem cell-derived exosomes (EXOs), characterized by excellent biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, intrinsic stability, and targeting ability, have emerged as a current research hotspot. Exosomes hold certain advantages in promoting fracture healing; they can regulate the functions of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, angiogenesis, and cartilage regeneration, which may improve clinical treatment outcomes and reduce the incidence of fracture complications. In this article, we review the research progress on exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs) in promoting fracture healing, exploring the critical role of HUC-MSC-derived exosomes in this process.