适时、适度的运动启动对于我们的日常生活至关重要。纹状体(striatum)作为基底节神经环路的主要输入核团在运动启动(movement initiation)过程中发挥重要的调节作用,其损伤往往会导致运动障碍性疾病。因此本文围绕纹状体神经元在运动启动中的重要作用机制以及目前常用的运动启动评价方式进行综述,概括了多种运动模型理论依据及不足,并以此为基础提出一种新模型来解释纹状体神经元对运动启动的调控作用,为运动启动相关障碍性疾病的机制研究拓宽思路。

Timely and moderate movement initiation is crucial to our daily life. The striatum, which is the main input nucleus of the basal ganglia neural circuit, plays a regulatory role in movement initiation, whose injury tends to induce movement disorders. In this review, we explore the key mechanism involving striatal neurons in movement initiation, and summarize the commonly-used evaluation methods of movement initiation. Moreover, we discuss the theoretical bases and shortcomings of various movement models, attempting to propose a new model that explains the relationship between striatal neurons and movement initiation, as well as providing new insights into the mechanism of disorders associated to movement initiation.